What is the difference between computer science and MIS?
Science- you try to prove things
MIS- management information systems
management- control things
information-data
system-information organized
Compared to science, which focuses more on proving, we focus on applications
What are the reasons for slowness of the machine?
network, too much information, malfunction
CIO- chief information officer
CEO- chief executive officer
Note: If you want to become successful, it depends on how you present yourself and it helps if you are a well rounded individual
Important points from the Preface:
-just because the computer is not working properly does not mean that you are not intelligent enough to use it
-to understand programming all you need is to combine awareness with effort
-if you take the first step to learn programming, you may find creativity that you never imagined
-expect our professor to use different techniques to ensure we understand the material
-in writing his book, professor attempted to combine the advantages of syntax (grammar), semantics (meaning) with problem solving capability in a user friendly and easily understood way
-Professor believes in different approaches to programming
a. analogy- association of programming to something in real life
b. chaining- all programs are designed to attach to other programs therefore unlike other books on programming, the professor compares programming methods and problem solving techniques through chaining
c. doing- in order to become more experienced you must practice doing it.
d. create a demand and provide a supply- in order to be motivated about learning we must know the reasons behind it and professor looks forward to hearing this question and answering it
e. error- in order to avoid making errors, you must study common errors and become aware of anticipated pitfalls.
Note: For your information on Tuesday, our Professor went to brdr: Borders Books! this may help you become successful one day!
On topic and pertaining to COMPUTERS AND BUSINESS- professor is giving points if we know Jamaican songs
and also we learned about a captain of a ship- ` whose ship caught fire
Thank you Chris for reading the preface!
Professor is going to tell us about his first movie because it is relevant to this class and without this story we can not understand programming
Justin told us that that what he LOVES about the preface is how we need to focus
Julian LOVES A LOT how if we try hard we can learn anything we want
Everyone in the class loves the preface!
Obviously if you practice you are going to get better at something because you aren't born like that
because this is a "travel" class we are going to learn how to get to Carnegie hall by the following directions:
Chapter One Summary
1. A program governs and operates the computers
a. it demonstrates its intelligence through the execution of a program
2. S computer has 3 main components
a. central processing unit- CPU, where activities are performed
b. memory- storage and retrieval
c. input/ output devices- enter and display information
3. 0's and 1's are binary numbers
a. 00110100= 0
b. 11000001= A
c. 11000010= B
1. an eight bit combo is known as a byte
4. ASCII- American Standard Code for Information Interchange- standard code for all computers that is used by most companies
1. a= 97 A=65
2. a blank space is coded as 32
5. Unicode- developed to cover international language and symbols so that the computer can understand and recognize them
6. Machine language- we have an agreement to represent a function such as addition
7. Mnemonics- the name given to represent a function such as addition, store, subtract, jump, test, load
a. this symbolic language is known as assembly language and depends on the hardware
b. machine/ assembly languages are both close to the "machine level" so they are known as low-level languages
1. Note that assembly language must be converted to machine by a translator in the computer
8. High level languages get closer to our natural language
a. Through a translator, the compiler immediately converts to LLL (low level language) to execute later
b. Through an interpreter, information is converted and executed by each statement
9. Two types of programs- FORTRAN and ALGOL were designed to solve math and science (earliest programs)
a. Fortran- mainly used in the U.S.
b. Algol- mainly used in Europe
10. COBOL- common business oriented language
a. business community
b. LISP- list processing for artificial intelligence
11. The "C" language was developed at Bell Labs to challenge the domination of assembly language in system programming
a. c++ developed at AT+T Bell Labs
12. Programs are executed in a "sequential flow"
a. a loop occurs when a program is re-directed- repetition
13. Earlier programs were line oriented where each line contained a statement
a. goto- when you go away and come back to a program
b. flowchart, spaghetti and rat's nests are programs designed with repetition in mind
14. BLOCK structured programming- grouping of more than one statement in repetition
a. large scale integrated circuits will make a program larger
b. in order to avoid chaos, one must tackle modules separately
15. Paradigm- program method of functional programming
a. programs are divided into smaller unit known as sub-programs
b. recursion- defining a solution to a problem in terms of itself
16. logical programming- symbolic logic and operators
a. knowledge bas/search engine- embedded searches
b. include a prolog
c. GUI- graphical user interface
d. OOP- object oriented programming
1. class/object
17. "C" is the general purpose language
a. C++ was developed due to the "C" programs lack of execution of simulation